Chocolate Cyst Treatment

CHOCOLATE CYST (ENDOMETRIOMA)

Chocolate cyst, endometrioma, is a disease that develops as a result of the growth of the endometrium layer lining the inside of the uterus outside the uterus, especially in the ovaries, fallopian tubes and pelvis, and is often painful. Since the endometrium layer is a hormone-sensitive tissue, it bleeds into itself during menstrual periods. The name chocolate cyst comes from the accumulation of dark blood and tissue inside these cysts. This is why they are painful.

Although the exact cause of endometriosis is not known, some risk factors are as follows:

- Genetic family history of endometriosis

- Early menstruation

- Late menopause

- Short menstrual cycles

- Weak immune system

- Disorders in the endocrine system

Common clinical complaints in endometriosis:

- Severe pain during menstruation (dysmenorrhea)

- Pain during intercourse (dyspareunia)

- Persistent groin pain (chronic pelvic pain)

- Infertility

- Excessive menstrual bleeding

- Spotting between menstrual periods

- Pain during defecation

- Constant fatigue

Treatment of endometriosis depends on the patient's age, severity of symptoms and desire for pregnancy. Treatment options are as follows:

- Medication: Painkillers and hormone therapy

- Surgical treatment: Removal of cysts with laparoscopic surgery or open surgery

Although there is no definitive solution for the treatment of chocolate cysts, treatment can control symptoms and improve quality of life. Chocolate cysts are recurrent cysts since their etiology is unknown. While laporoscopic surgery was recommended for every chocolate cyst detected about 15 years ago; when it was found that ovarian egg reserves decreased after the operation, surgery was abandoned in the first plan and patients are followed up with medical treatment.